Butanone in water solubility and organic solvent miscibility analysis

Butanone (Methyl Ketone), the chemical name is butadiene ketone, is a colorless liquid, widely used in chemical, pharmaceutical, cosmetics and other industries. This article will analyze the characteristics of butanone and its application scenarios in detail from the perspective of solubility and miscibility.

What is Butanone?

The chemical formula of butanone is C, H, O. It is a saturated ketone with a ketone group (C = O) and two methyl groups in its molecular structure. Butanone is a good organic solvent because of its low viscosity and high surface tension. Due to its chemical inertness, butanone is used as a solvent in many chemical reactions and has excellent dissolution properties.

butanone in water solubility

Methyl ethyl ketone has a low solubility in water, but is not completely insoluble. According to the experimental data, the solubility of butanone in water is about 2.2g/100ml (calculated by weight) at room temperature of 25 ℃. This means that methyl ethyl ketone has a limited solubility in water, but its solubility increases significantly if the temperature is increased.

Temperature is a key factor affecting the solubility of butanone. With the increase of temperature, the solubility of butanone in water gradually increased. For example, at 50°C, the solubility of butanone is about 5g/100ml; at 100°C, the solubility is further increased to about 10g/100ml. Thus, under high temperature conditions, butanone is more easily mixed with water.

The miscibility of butanone with water is also related to its own polarity. The butanone molecule contains a ketone group that gives it a certain polarity. However, its molecular structure also contains more non-polar carbon chains, resulting in its relatively weak miscibility with water. Thus, butanone is not completely miscible in water, but is partially soluble.

Methyl ketone and organic solvent miscibility

Butanone is known for its excellent miscibility with a variety of organic solvents. Common organic solvents, such as benzene, toluene, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone, etc., can be mixed with butanone in any ratio. This good miscibility makes butanone an ideal choice for formulating mixed solvents.

The miscibility of butanone with organic solvents is mainly related to its molecular structure and polarity. The methyl ethyl ketone molecule has a long carbon chain and contains a ketone group, which enables it to form hydrogen bonds or π-π interactions with various organic solvent molecules. The polarity of methyl ethyl ketone is moderate. It can be miscible with polar organic solvents (such as acetone) and compatible with non-polar organic solvents (such as benzene and toluene).

It is important to note that when butanone is mixed with other organic solvents, delamination may occur, especially at low temperatures. This delamination phenomenon can usually be eliminated by heating or shaking. Therefore, in practical applications, butanone is often used to prepare efficient and stable mixed solvent systems.

Butanone application scenario

Due to its limited solubility in water and good miscibility with organic solvents, butanone has been widely used in many fields.

1. Organic Synthesis: Methyl ethyl ketone is often used as a solvent in organic synthesis, especially in reactions that require polar solvents. Its stable chemical properties make it ideal for many reactions.

2. Solvent preparation: Butanone is widely used in the preparation of mixed solvents. For example, methyl ethyl ketone may be mixed with acetone, ethyl acetate, and the like for dissolving specific organic compounds.

3. Extraction and separation: Due to the low solubility of butanone in water, it is often used as an extractant to separate water-soluble and water-insoluble substances.

Summary

The solubility of butanone in water is low, but it can be significantly improved under high temperature conditions. Excellent miscibility with organic solvents makes it an important choice for formulating solvents. These properties of butanone make it widely used in chemical, pharmaceutical, cosmetics and other fields.

For chemical industry professionals, understanding the solubility and miscibility characteristics of butanone can help to better utilize its advantages and optimize solvent formulation and reaction conditions. If you have more questions about the application of butanone or other solvent properties, please leave a comment in the comments section.